Specify a schema to verify config with

### Welcome - [x] Yes, I understand that the GitHub action repository is not the repository of golangci-lint itself. - [x] Yes, I've searched similar issues on GitHub and didn't find any. ### Your feature request related to a problem? Please describe. I have used this github action, and noticed spurious failures when running the config verification (added in https://github.com/golangci/golangci-lint-action/pull/1171 and enabled by default) when the schema cannot be downloaded from the default URL. The command permits specifying the schema to use via flag (https://github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/blob/main/pkg/commands/config_verify.go#L59-L66), which would allow the user to configure the linter to verify its config with a local copy of the schema. ### Describe the solution you'd like. I would like to add `verify-with-schema: <file | url>` as a config option. This would allow me to download a local copy of the schema and commit it to the repo, then use that frozen version of the schema to verify my config. Or I could host the config myself somewhere in my control. ### Describe alternatives you've considered. Right now I just set `verify: false`, which solves the problem of spurious failures. ### Additional context. See: #1331