Add a version file input

### Welcome - [x] Yes, I understand that the GitHub action repository is not the repository of golangci-lint itself. - [x] Yes, I've searched similar issues on GitHub and didn't find any. ### Your feature request related to a problem? Please describe. Locally installed version of golangci lint does not always match the one used in the CI pipeline. That discrepancy causes some back and forth fixing because of the new linters and rules changes that happen over new versions. ### Describe the solution you'd like. Support for version file accross action is becoming more widespread, such as the [`go-version-file`](https://github.com/actions/setup-go?tab=readme-ov-file#go-version-file) from `actions/setup-go`. Support for asdf tools-version file would be a nice feature to this action. ### Describe alternatives you've considered. None ### Additional context. This is also related to the feature request to add an official asdf plugin for golangci lint: https://github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/issues/6215