`Base.FastMath.pow_fast` fails to compile with integer exponent

**Describe the bug** `CUDA.jl` fails to properly resolve a call to `Base.FastMath.pow_fast(x,y)` where y is an integer. The LLVM error `Undefined external symbol "__powidf2" ` is raised instead. **To reproduce** ```julia using CUDA function apply_fast_pow(A,y) i = threadIdx().x @inbounds @fastmath A[i] = A[i]^y nothing end A_64 = CUDA.ones(Float64, 10) .+ 0.3 A_32 = CUDA.ones(Float32, 10) .+ 0.3 # Either of the following lines causes the LLVM error # @cuda threads=length(A_64) apply_f(A_64, 2) # @cuda threads=length(A_32) apply_f(A_32, 2) # @cuda threads=length(A_32) apply_f(A_64, Int32(2)) # @cuda threads=length(A_32) apply_f(A_32, Int32(2)) ``` <details><summary>Manifest.toml</summary> <p> ``` # This file is machine-generated - editing it directly is not advised julia_version = "1.11.4" manifest_format = "2.0" project_hash = "4d6f52122ea9741175c8c71d00021be0a921f3ad" [[deps.AbstractFFTs]] deps = ["LinearAlgebra"] git-tree-sha1 = "d92ad398961a3ed262d8bf04a1a2b8340f915fef" uuid = "621f4979-c628-5d54-868e-fcf4e3e8185c" version = "1.5.0" [deps.AbstractFFTs.extensions] AbstractFFTsChainRulesCoreExt = 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git-tree-sha1 = "d05693d339e37d6ab134c5ab53c29fce5ee5d7d5" uuid = "892a3eda-7b42-436c-8928-eab12a02cf0e" version = "0.4.4" [[deps.StyledStrings]] uuid = "f489334b-da3d-4c2e-b8f0-e476e12c162b" version = "1.11.0" [[deps.SuiteSparse_jll]] deps = ["Artifacts", "Libdl", "libblastrampoline_jll"] uuid = "bea87d4a-7f5b-5778-9afe-8cc45184846c" version = "7.7.0+0" [[deps.TOML]] deps = ["Dates"] uuid = "fa267f1f-6049-4f14-aa54-33bafae1ed76" version = "1.0.3" [[deps.TableTraits]] deps = ["IteratorInterfaceExtensions"] git-tree-sha1 = "c06b2f539df1c6efa794486abfb6ed2022561a39" uuid = "3783bdb8-4a98-5b6b-af9a-565f29a5fe9c" version = "1.0.1" [[deps.Tables]] deps = ["DataAPI", "DataValueInterfaces", "IteratorInterfaceExtensions", "OrderedCollections", "TableTraits"] git-tree-sha1 = "f2c1efbc8f3a609aadf318094f8fc5204bdaf344" uuid = "bd369af6-aec1-5ad0-b16a-f7cc5008161c" version = "1.12.1" [[deps.Tar]] deps = ["ArgTools", "SHA"] uuid = "a4e569a6-e804-4fa4-b0f3-eef7a1d5b13e" version = "1.10.0" [[deps.Tracy]] deps = ["ExprTools", "LibTracyClient_jll", "Libdl"] git-tree-sha1 = "73e3ff50fd3990874c59fef0f35d10644a1487bc" uuid = "e689c965-62c8-4b79-b2c5-8359227902fd" version = "0.1.6" [deps.Tracy.extensions] TracyProfilerExt = "TracyProfiler_jll" [deps.Tracy.weakdeps] TracyProfiler_jll = "0c351ed6-8a68-550e-8b79-de6f926da83c" [[deps.UUIDs]] deps = ["Random", "SHA"] uuid = "cf7118a7-6976-5b1a-9a39-7adc72f591a4" version = "1.11.0" [[deps.Unicode]] uuid = "4ec0a83e-493e-50e2-b9ac-8f72acf5a8f5" version = "1.11.0" [[deps.UnsafeAtomics]] git-tree-sha1 = "0f30765c32d66d58e41f4cb5624d4fc8a82ec13b" uuid = "013be700-e6cd-48c3-b4a1-df204f14c38f" version = "0.3.1" weakdeps = ["LLVM"] [deps.UnsafeAtomics.extensions] UnsafeAtomicsLLVM = ["LLVM"] [[deps.Zlib_jll]] deps = ["Libdl"] uuid = "83775a58-1f1d-513f-b197-d71354ab007a" version = "1.2.13+1" [[deps.cuBLAS]] deps = ["Adapt", "BFloat16s", "CEnum", "CUDACore", "CUDA_Runtime_Discovery", "CUDA_Runtime_jll", "GPUArrays", "GPUToolbox", "LLVM", "LinearAlgebra"] path = "dev/CUDA/lib/cublas" uuid = "182d3088-87b7-4494-8cad-fc6afaa545bc" version = "6.0.0" [deps.cuBLAS.extensions] EnzymeCoreExt = "EnzymeCore" [deps.cuBLAS.weakdeps] EnzymeCore = "f151be2c-9106-41f4-ab19-57ee4f262869" [[deps.cuFFT]] deps = ["AbstractFFTs", "CEnum", "CUDACore", "CUDA_Runtime_Discovery", "CUDA_Runtime_jll", "GPUToolbox", "LinearAlgebra", "Reexport"] path = "dev/CUDA/lib/cufft" uuid = "533571aa-0936-420e-b4be-9c66f5f626ca" version = "6.0.0" [[deps.cuRAND]] deps = ["CEnum", "CUDACore", "CUDA_Runtime_Discovery", "CUDA_Runtime_jll", "GPUToolbox", "Random", "Random123", "RandomNumbers"] path = "dev/CUDA/lib/curand" uuid = "20fd9a0b-12d5-4c2f-a8af-7c34e9e60431" version = "6.0.0" [[deps.cuSOLVER]] deps = ["CEnum", "CUDACore", "CUDA_Runtime_Discovery", "CUDA_Runtime_jll", "GPUToolbox", "LinearAlgebra", "SparseArrays", "cuBLAS", "cuSPARSE"] path = "dev/CUDA/lib/cusolver" uuid = "887afef0-6a32-4de5-add4-7827692ba8fc" version = "6.0.0" [[deps.cuSPARSE]] deps = ["Adapt", "CEnum", "CUDACore", "CUDA_Runtime_Discovery", "CUDA_Runtime_jll", "GPUArrays", "GPUToolbox", "KernelAbstractions", "LinearAlgebra", "SparseArrays"] path = "dev/CUDA/lib/cusparse" uuid = "b26da814-b3bc-49ef-b0ee-c816305aa060" version = "6.0.0" [deps.cuSPARSE.extensions] SparseMatricesCSRExt = "SparseMatricesCSR" [deps.cuSPARSE.weakdeps] SparseMatricesCSR = "a0a7dd2c-ebf4-11e9-1f05-cf50bc540ca1" [[deps.demumble_jll]] deps = ["Artifacts", "JLLWrappers", "Libdl"] git-tree-sha1 = "6498e3581023f8e530f34760d18f75a69e3a4ea8" uuid = "1e29f10c-031c-5a83-9565-69cddfc27673" version = "1.3.0+0" [[deps.libblastrampoline_jll]] deps = ["Artifacts", "Libdl"] uuid = "8e850b90-86db-534c-a0d3-1478176c7d93" version = "5.11.0+0" [[deps.nghttp2_jll]] deps = ["Artifacts", "Libdl"] uuid = "8e850ede-7688-5339-a07c-302acd2aaf8d" version = "1.59.0+0" [[deps.p7zip_jll]] deps = ["Artifacts", "Libdl"] uuid = "3f19e933-33d8-53b3-aaab-bd5110c3b7a0" version = "17.4.0+2" ``` </p> </details> **Expected behavior** The example kernel should execute. Either fallback to the orginary `Base.:^` or have extra overloads to handle the case with integer exponent **Version info** Details on Julia: ``` Julia Version 1.11.4 Commit 8561cc3d68d (2025-03-10 11:36 UTC) Build Info: Official https://julialang.org/ release Platform Info: OS: Linux (x86_64-linux-gnu) CPU: 64 × Intel(R) Xeon(R) Platinum 8362 CPU @ 2.80GHz WORD_SIZE: 64 LLVM: libLLVM-16.0.6 (ORCJIT, icelake-server) Threads: 1 default, 0 interactive, 1 GC (on 64 virtual cores) ``` Details on CUDA: ``` CUDA toolchain: - runtime 13.2, artifact installation - driver 570.211.1 for 13.2 - compiler 13.2 CUDA libraries: - cuBLAS: 13.3.0 - cuSPARSE: 12.7.9 - cuSOLVER: 12.1.0 - cuFFT: 12.2.0 - cuRAND: 10.4.2 - CUPTI: 2026.1.0 (API 13.2.0) - NVML: 12.0.0+570.211.1 Julia packages: - CUDACore: 6.0.0 - GPUArrays: 11.4.1 - GPUCompiler: 1.8.2 - KernelAbstractions: 0.9.41 - CUDA_Driver_jll: 13.2.0+0 - CUDA_Compiler_jll: 0.4.2+0 - CUDA_Runtime_jll: 0.21.0+0 Toolchain: - Julia: 1.11.4 - LLVM: 16.0.6 4 devices: 0: NVIDIA L40 (sm_89, 43.806 GiB / 44.988 GiB available) 1: NVIDIA L40 (sm_89, 44.258 GiB / 44.988 GiB available) 2: NVIDIA L40 (sm_89, 44.258 GiB / 44.988 GiB available) 3: NVIDIA L40 (sm_89, 44.258 GiB / 44.988 GiB available) ``` **Additional context** I think this is just a case of a missing overload. Trying it out locally adding a fall-back: ```julia @device_override FastMath.pow_fast(x, y) = Base.:(^)(x, y) ``` fixes the problem. I imagine though that the proper solution would include some "fast" fallback when possible e.g.: ```julia @device_override FastMath.pow_fast(x, y) = Base.:(^)(x, y) @device_override @inline function FastMath.pow_fast(x::Float32, y::Integer) y == -1 && return inv(x) y == 0 && return one(x) y == 1 && return x y == 2 && return x*x y == 3 && return x*x*x Base.FastMath.pow_fast(x, Float32(y)) end ```