<?php
require_once "../../config/settings.inc.php";
define("IEM_APPID", 11);
require_once "../../include/myview.php";
$t = new MyView();
$t->title = "Agricultural Weather/Climate Information";

$y = date("Y");
$t->content = <<<EOM
<ol class="breadcrumb">
  <li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="/">IEM Homepage</a></li>
  <li class="breadcrumb-item active" aria-current="page">IEM Ag Weather/Climate Information</li>
</ol>

<p>The IEM website contains data from many <a href="/sites/locate.php">different observation networks</a>. While
you may know what you are looking for, figuring out which network has this data
is tricky.  This table is an attempt to help you locate the data / product you
need.  Please do <a href="/info/contacts.php">contact us</a> with your
questions!</p>

<p>IEM's most popular applications:
<a type="button" class="btn btn-success me-2 mb-2" href="/plotting/auto/"><i class="bi bi-graph-up-arrow me-1" aria-hidden="true"></i>Automated Data Plotting</a>
<a type="button" class="btn btn-success me-2 mb-2" href="/climodat/"><i class="bi bi-card-list me-1" aria-hidden="true"></i>Climodat</a>
<a type="button" class="btn btn-success me-2 mb-2" href="/explorer/"><i class="bi bi-map me-1" aria-hidden="true"></i>IEM Explorer</a>
<a type="button" class="btn btn-success me-2 mb-2" href="/plotting/auto/?q=108"><i class="bi bi-graph-up-arrow me-1" aria-hidden="true"></i>Single Site Graphs</a>
<a type="button" class="btn btn-success me-2 mb-2" href="#nass"><i class="bi bi-card-list me-1" aria-hidden="true"></i>USDA NASS Products</a>
</p>


<table class="table table-striped table-bordered">
<thead class="sticky">
<tr>
 <th rowspan="2">Variable</th>
 <th colspan="6">Timescale / Reporting Interval</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Seconds/Minutes</th>
<th>Hourly</th>
<th>Daily</th>
<th>Weekly/Monthly</th>
<th>Seasonal</th>
<th>Yearly</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>

<tr><td>Air Temperature</td>
<td>
<a href="/agclimate/">ISU Soil Moisture</a> stations record real-time data
at one minute intervals.  <a href="/ASOS/">ASOS</a> also provides data at
such frequency, but it is delayed by ~24 hours.
</td>
<td><a href="/ASOS/">ASOS/AWOS</a> are stations located at airports and are
the baseline weather observation network. The
<a href="/agclimate">ISU Soil Moisture</a> network has data for Iowa.</td>

<td>
<a href="/COOP/">NWS COOP</a> has high quality high and low temperature
reports for 24 hour periods, not always for the calendar day.
<ul>
 <li><a href="/data/coopHighLow.gif">COOP High + Low Temperature</a></li>
 <li><a href="/timemachine/?product=63">ASOS 12 UTC Low Temperature</a></li>
 <li><a href="/timemachine/?product=116">ASOS High Temperature</a></li>
 <li><a href="/data/awos_rtp_00z.shef">00Z RTP First Guess</a> Formatted
product generated for the National Weather Service for comparison.</li>
<li><a href="/data/awos_rtp.shef">12Z RTP First Guess</a> Formatted
product generated for the National Weather Service for comparison.</li>
<li><a href="/data/climate/iowa_today_avg_hilo_pt.png">Average Hi/Low Temp</a></li>
<li><a href="/data/climate/iowa_today_rec_hilo_pt.png">Record Hi/Low Temp</a></li>
<li><a href="/COOP/dl/normals.phtml">Download Climatology Data</a></li>
</ul>
</td>

<td colspan="3">The <a href="/climodat/">Climodat</a> reports contain summarized
data from the NWS COOP network.

<br /><a href="/plotting/auto/?q=99">Plot of Daily Departures by Year</a>

<p><a href="/topics/pests/">Pest Maps and Forecasts</a> track degree days
for various pests of interest.</p>
</td>
</tr>

<tr><td>Growing Degree Days</td>
<td colspan="2">Not applicable</td>
<td>The <a href="/COOP/">NWS COOP</a> network data contains the best quality
information for daily temperatures, but they are not always on a calendar date.
</td>
<td colspan="3">
The <a href="/climodat/">Climodat</a> reports present summarized GDD data.
<ul>
 <li><a href="/climodat/monitor.php">Climodat Station Monitor</a></li>
 <li><a href="/plotting/coop/gddprobs.phtml">Probabilies + Scenarios</a></li>
 <li><a href="/GIS/apps/coop/gsplot.phtml?var=gdd50&year={$y}">Map of Totals</a></li>
 <li><a href="/plotting/auto/?q=108">Single Site Graphs</a></li>
</ul>

<p>Maps of Growing Degree Days:
<ul>
 <li><a href="/plotting/auto/?q=125">Custom Climatology Maps</a></li>
 <li><a href="/data/summary/gdd_mon.png">This Month's GDD 50/86</a></li>
 <li><a href="/data/summary/gdd_jan1.png">This Years's GDD 50/86</a></li>
 <li><a href="/data/summary/gdd_may1.png">May 1 - Nov 1 GDD 50/86</a></li>
 <li><a href="/data/summary/gdd_may1_6086.png">May 1 - Nov 1 GDD 60/86</a></li>
 <li><a href="/data/summary/gdd_may1_6586.png">May 1 - Nov 1 GDD 65/86</a></li>
</ul>

<p><a href="/topics/pests/">Pest Maps and Forecasts</a> track degree days
for various pests of interest.</p>

</td>
</tr>

<tr><td>Precipitation (liquid + melted snow)</td>
 <td>The IEM processes the one minute <a href="/request/asos/1min.phtml">Iowa ASOS</a>
 data, but there is a month delay for receipt of this data.</td>
 <td>The <a href="/ASOS/">ASOS</a> (not AWOS) sites include a heated sensor that
 melts snowfall to produce liquid equivalent.</td>
 <td rowspan="2">The <a href="/COOP/">NWS COOP</a> network report precipitation totals that
 include melted snowfall.
 <ul>
  <li><a href="/COOP/7am.php">Map of Daily COOP Reports</a></li>
  <li><a href="/COOP/extremes.php">Daily Climatology</a></li>
  <li><a href="/data/summary/today_prec.png">Today's total</a></li>
 </ul>

 <br />The IEM processes gridded analyses of precipitation
 <ul>
   <li><a href="/plotting/auto/?q=86&var=p01d">IEM Reanalysis</a></li>
   <li><a href="/timemachine/?product=45">MRMS ~1km Product</a></li>
   <li><a href="/timemachine/?product=41">NCEP Stage IV</a></li>
 </ul>

 <br />There are daily <a href="/request/daily.phtml">ASOS precip reports</a>
 available for download.

 </td>
 <td colspan="3" rowspan="2">
 <ul>
  <li><a href="/climodat/">Climodat Reports</a> contain summarized precipitation
  data from the NWS COOP network.</li>
  <li><a href="/climodat/monitor.php">Climodat Station Monitor</a></li>
  <li><a href="/GIS/apps/coop/gsplot.phtml?var=prec&smonth=1&sday=1&year={$y}">Map of Totals</a> (legacy app)</li>
  <li><a href="/plotting/auto/?q=97">Maps of Totals/Departures</a></li>
  <li><a href="/plotting/auto/?q=84">Multiday summaries of MRMS estimates</a></li>
  <li><a href="/plotting/auto/?q=108">Single Site Graphs</a></li>
 </ul>


 </td>
</tr>

<tr><td>Rainfall (liquid only)</td>
 <td>The <a href="/schoolnet/">SchoolNet</a> sensors do report minute rainfall,
 but the data is not of great quality.</td>
 <td>The <a href="/ASOS/">ASOS/AWOS</a> sites report hourly rainfall as well as
 the <a href="/agclimate/">ISU Soil Moisture</a> network.</td>
</tr>


<tr><td>Solar Radiation</td>
<td colspan="2">The <a href="/agclimate/">ISU Soil Moisture</a> network collects solar
radiation at minute and hourly intervals.</td>
<td>The <a href="/agclimate/">ISU Soil Moisture</a> network makes daily
summaries available. The IEM also provides estimated radiation data for download
for <a href="/request/coop/fe.phtml">NWS COOP</a> sites based on model analyses.</td>
<td colspan="3">
The model analyses (MERRAv2, HRRR, NARR, and ERA5Land) used to provide solar radiation
data for the <a href="/request/coop/fe.phtml">NWS COOP</a> sites and be summarized
over time here:
<ul>
  <li><a href="/plotting/auto/?q=107">Autoplot 107</a> has daily averages over a period
  of your choice.</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>

<tr><td>Soil Moisture</td>
<td colspan="2">The <a href="/agclimate/">ISU Soil Moisture</a> network collects five minute and hourly
soil moisture data.</td>
<td>The <a href="https://dailyerosion.org">Daily Erosion Project</a>
produces soil moisture analyses based on a model called WEPP.</td>
<td colspan="3">Summarized data for this timescale does not exist on the IEM
at this time.</td>
</tr>

<tr><td>Soil Temperature</td>
<td colspan="2">The <a href="/agclimate/">ISU Soil Moisture</a> network collects five minute and hourly
soil temperature data.</td>
<td>The <a href="/agclimate/">ISU Soil Moisture</a> network produces daily
summaries of high and low temperature.
<ul>
 <li><a href="/agclimate/soilt.php">County Estimates</a></li>
 <li><a href="/timemachine/?product=57">Archived County Estimates</a></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td colspan="3">Summarized data for this timescale does not exist on the IEM
at this time.</td>
</tr>


<tr><td>Snowfall</td>
 <td>Does not exist</td>
 <td>The NWS has paid snowfall observers that report 6 hour snowfall totals, but
 the IEM does not have a good interface to get this data.</td>
 <td>
 The IEM collects the <a href="/COOP/cat.phtml">24 hour snowfall reports</a>
 from the NWS COOP network.
 <ul>
   <li><a href="/data/coopSnowDepth.gif">COOP Snow Depth</a></li>
 </ul>
 </td>
<td colspan="3">Summarized data for this timescale does not exist on the IEM
at this time.</td>
</tr>

<tr><td>Stress Degree Days</td>
<td colspan="2">Not applicable</td>
<td>The <a href="/COOP/">NWS COOP</a> network data contains the best quality
information for daily temperatures, but they are not always on a calendar date.
</td>
<td colspan="3">The <a href="/climodat/">Climodat</a> reports present
summarized SDD data.
<ul>
    <li><a href="/climodat/monitor.php">Climodat Station Monitor</a></li>
      <li><a href="/GIS/apps/coop/gsplot.phtml?var=sdd86&year={$y}">Map of Totals</a></li>
      <li><a href="/plotting/auto/?q=108">Single Site Graphs</a></li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>

<tr><td>Wind</td>
<td>
<a href="/agclimate/">ISU Soil Moisture</a> stations record real-time data
at one minute intervals.  <a href="/ASOS/">ASOS</a> also provides data at
such frequency, but it is delayed by ~24 hours.
</td>
<td>
<a href="/ASOS/">ASOS</a> data is typically the best at this temporal scale.
</td>
<td>
<ul>
    <li><a href="/data/summary/today_gust.png">Peak Wind Gust</a></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td colspan="3">
<p><a href="/sites/windrose.phtml?station=AMW&network=IA_ASOS">Windroses</a> are
neat visualizations of wind direction and speed frequency.  The link takes you
to the interface for the Ames Airport.  You can switch stations to find the
same for other locations.</p>
</td>
</tr>

</tbody>
</table>

<a name="nass"></a>
<h4>USDA NASS Products</h4>

<p>The IEM attempts to sync much of the <a href="https://www.nass.usda.gov/">USDA NASS</a>
data into our database.  A number of <a href="/plotting/auto/">automated plots</a>
are available for this data (search for NASS in the dropdown menu).</p>

<p>The IEM also attempts to glean the Iowa Ag Reporting District data found in the
weekly <a href="https://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_State/Iowa/Publications/Crop_Progress_&_Condition/">weekly crop progress</a>
PDF reports.  You can download the IEM's entire database as this
<a href="/cgi-bin/request/nass_iowa.py"><i class="bi bi-download me-1" aria-hidden="true"></i>Excel file</a>.</p>

<h4>Historical Freeze Risk</h4>

<blockquote>An air temperature less than 27 is generally considered to be the Hard Freeze,
that is a crop killing event, although plant damage and yield loss is often observed at
less extreme low temperatures. Crop threshold temperatures for plant damage in Fall differ
from Spring thresholds (mainly because of plant size/height).</blockquote>

<ul>
 <li><a href="/COOP/freezing.php">Fall Freezing Dates</a></li>
 <li><a href="/climodat/index.phtml?station=IA0200&report=22">First Fall Freeze Probabilities</a></li>
 <li><a href="/plotting/coop/threshold_histogram_fe.phtml">Winter Minimum Temperature Frequencies</a></li>
</ul>

<h4>External Links</h4>
<ul>
 <li><a href="https://iowaagriculture.gov/climatology-bureau">State of Iowa Climatologist</a></li>
 <li><a href="https://www.nass.usda.gov/Charts_and_Maps/Crop_Progress_&_Condition/index.asp">USDA Charts &amp; Maps of Crop Progress</a></li>
 <li><a href="https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/State_Crop_Progress_and_Condition/index.asp">USDA State Crop Progress &amp; Condition</a></li>
 <li><a href="https://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/PHZMWeb/">USDA Plant Hardiness Map</a> (enter
 your zipcode or click on the map)</li>
</ul>
EOM;
$t->render('single.phtml');
