/** For internal Diplomat use when constructing opaques or out structs.
 * This is for when we're handling items that we don't want the user to touch, like an structure that's only meant to be output, or de-referencing a pointer we're handed from WASM.
 */
export const internalConstructor = Symbol("constructor");
/** For internal Diplomat use when accessing a from-fields/from-value constructor that's been overridden by a default constructor.
 * If we want to pass in arguments without also passing in internalConstructor to avoid triggering some logic we don't want, we use exposeConstructor.
 */
export const exposeConstructor = Symbol("exposeConstructor");

export function readString8(wasm, ptr, len) {
    const buf = new Uint8Array(wasm.memory.buffer, ptr, len);
    return (new TextDecoder("utf-8")).decode(buf)
}

export function readString16(wasm, ptr, len) {
    const buf = new Uint16Array(wasm.memory.buffer, ptr, len);
    return String.fromCharCode.apply(null, buf)
}

export function withDiplomatWrite(wasm, callback) {
    const write = wasm.diplomat_buffer_write_create(0);
    try {
    callback(write);
    const outStringPtr = wasm.diplomat_buffer_write_get_bytes(write);
    if (outStringPtr === null) {
        throw Error("Out of memory");
    }
    const outStringLen = wasm.diplomat_buffer_write_len(write);
    return readString8(wasm, outStringPtr, outStringLen);
    } finally {
    wasm.diplomat_buffer_write_destroy(write);
    }
}

/**
 * Get the pointer returned by an FFI function.
 *
 * It's tempting to call `(new Uint32Array(wasm.memory.buffer, FFI_func(), 1))[0]`.
 * However, there's a chance that `wasm.memory.buffer` will be resized between
 * the time it's accessed and the time it's used, invalidating the view.
 * This function ensures that the view into wasm memory is fresh.
 *
 * This is used for methods that return multiple types into a wasm buffer, where
 * one of those types is another ptr. Call this method to get access to the returned
 * ptr, so the return buffer can be freed.
 * @param {WebAssembly.Exports} wasm Provided by diplomat generated files.
 * @param {number} ptr Pointer of a pointer, to be read.
 * @returns {number} The underlying pointer.
 */
export function ptrRead(wasm, ptr) {
    return (new Uint32Array(wasm.memory.buffer, ptr, 1))[0];
}

/**
 * Get the flag of a result type.
 */
export function resultFlag(wasm, ptr, offset) {
    return (new Uint8Array(wasm.memory.buffer, ptr + offset, 1))[0];
}

/**
 * Get the discriminant of a Rust enum.
*/
export function enumDiscriminant(wasm, ptr) {
    return (new Int32Array(wasm.memory.buffer, ptr, 1))[0]
}

/**
 * Return an array of paddingCount zeroes to be spread into a function call
 * if needsPaddingFields is true, else empty
 */
export function maybePaddingFields(needsPaddingFields, paddingCount) {
    if (needsPaddingFields) {
        return Array(paddingCount).fill(0);
    } else {
        return [];
    }
}

/**
* Write a value of width `width` to a an ArrayBuffer `arrayBuffer`
* at byte offset `offset`, treating it as a buffer of kind `typedArrayKind`
* (which is a `TypedArray` variant like `Uint8Array` or `Int16Array`)
*/
export function writeToArrayBuffer(arrayBuffer, offset, value, typedArrayKind) {
    let buffer = new typedArrayKind(arrayBuffer, offset);
    buffer[0] = value;
}

/**
* Take `jsValue` and write it to arrayBuffer at offset `offset` if it is non-null
* calling `writeToArrayBufferCallback(arrayBuffer, offset, jsValue)` to write to the buffer,
* also writing a tag bit.
*
* `size` and `align` are the size and alignment of T, not of Option<T>
*/
export function writeOptionToArrayBuffer(arrayBuffer, offset, jsValue, size, align, writeToArrayBufferCallback) {
    // perform a nullish check, not a null check,
    // we want identical behavior for undefined
    if (jsValue != null) {
        writeToArrayBufferCallback(arrayBuffer, offset, jsValue);
        writeToArrayBuffer(arrayBuffer, offset + size, 1, Uint8Array);
    }
}

/**
* For Option<T> of given size/align (of T, not the overall option type),
* return an array of fields suitable for passing down to a parameter list.
*
* Calls writeToArrayBufferCallback(arrayBuffer, offset, jsValue) for non-null jsValues
*
* This array will have size<T>/align<T> elements for the actual T, then one element
* for the is_ok bool.
*
* See wasm_abi_quirks.md's section on Unions for understanding this ABI.
*/
export function optionToArgsForCalling(jsValue, size, align, writeToArrayBufferCallback) {
    let args;
    // perform a nullish check, not a null check,
    // we want identical behavior for undefined
    if (jsValue != null) {
        let buffer;
        // We need our originator array to be properly aligned
        if (align == 8) {
            buffer = new BigUint64Array(size / align);
        } else if (align == 4) {
            buffer = new Uint32Array(size / align);
        } else if (align == 2) {
            buffer = new Uint16Array(size / align);
        } else {
            buffer = new Uint8Array(size / align);
        }


        writeToArrayBufferCallback(buffer.buffer, 0, jsValue);
        args = Array.from(buffer);
        args.push(1);
    } else {
        args = Array(size / align).fill(0);
        args.push(0);
    }

    // Unconditionally add padding
    args = args.concat(Array(align - 1).fill(0));
    return args;
}

/**
* For Option<T> of given size/align (of T, not the overall option type),
* return a pointer to wasm memory, allocated in `allocator`, that stores a `jsValue`
* of that option type (or `null`).
*
* Calls writeToArrayBufferCallback(arrayBuffer, offset, jsValue) for non-null jsValues.
*
* This array will have size<T>/align<T> elements for the actual T, then one element
* for the is_ok bool.
*/
export function optionToBufferForCalling(wasm, jsValue, size, align, allocator, writeToArrayBufferCallback) {
    let buf = DiplomatBuf.struct(wasm, size + align, align);

    let buffer;
    // Add 1 to the size since we're also accounting for the 0 or 1 is_ok field:
    if (align == 8) {
        buffer = new BigUint64Array(wasm.memory.buffer, buf.ptr, size / align + 1);
    } else if (align == 4) {
        buffer = new Uint32Array(wasm.memory.buffer, buf.ptr, size / align + 1);
    } else if (align == 2) {
        buffer = new Uint16Array(wasm.memory.buffer, buf.ptr, size / align + 1);
    } else {
        buffer = new Uint8Array(wasm.memory.buffer, buf.ptr, size / align + 1);
    }

    buffer.fill(0);

    if (jsValue != null) {
        // Note that `buffer.buffer` is the underlying ArrayBuffer (`buffer` is just a view),
        // so we must provide the offset pointer (buf.ptr)
        writeToArrayBufferCallback(buffer.buffer, buf.ptr, jsValue);
        buffer[buffer.length - 1] = 1;
    }

    return allocator.alloc(buf).ptr;
}


/**
* Given `ptr` in Wasm memory, treat it as an Option<T> with size for type T,
* and return the converted T (converted using `readCallback(wasm, ptr)`) if the Option is Some
* else None.
*/
export function readOption(wasm, ptr, size, readCallback) {
    // Don't need the alignment: diplomat types don't have overridden alignment,
    // so the flag will immediately be after the inner struct.
    let flag = resultFlag(wasm, ptr, size);
    if (flag) {
        return readCallback(wasm, ptr);
    } else {
        return null;
    }
}

/**
 * A wrapper around a slice of WASM memory that can be freed manually or
 * automatically by the garbage collector.
 *
 * This type is necessary for Rust functions that take a `&str` or `&[T]`, since
 * they can create an edge to this object if they borrow from the str/slice,
 * or we can manually free the WASM memory if they don't.
 */
export class DiplomatBuf {
    static str8 = (wasm, string) => {
    var utf8Length = 0;
    for (const codepointString of string) {
        let codepoint = codepointString.codePointAt(0);
        if (codepoint < 0x80) {
        utf8Length += 1
        } else if (codepoint < 0x800) {
        utf8Length += 2
        } else if (codepoint < 0x10000) {
        utf8Length += 3
        } else {
        utf8Length += 4
        }
    }

    const ptr = wasm.diplomat_alloc(utf8Length, 1);

    const result = (new TextEncoder()).encodeInto(string, new Uint8Array(wasm.memory.buffer, ptr, utf8Length));
    console.assert(string.length === result.read && utf8Length === result.written, "UTF-8 write error");

    return new DiplomatBuf(ptr, utf8Length, () => wasm.diplomat_free(ptr, utf8Length, 1));
    }

    static str16 = (wasm, string) => {
    const byteLength = string.length * 2;
    const ptr = wasm.diplomat_alloc(byteLength, 2);

    const destination = new Uint16Array(wasm.memory.buffer, ptr, string.length);
    for (let i = 0; i < string.length; i++) {
        destination[i] = string.charCodeAt(i);
    }

    return new DiplomatBuf(ptr, string.length, () => wasm.diplomat_free(ptr, byteLength, 2));
    }

    static sliceWrapper = (wasm, buf) => {
        const ptr = wasm.diplomat_alloc(8, 4);
        let dst = new Uint32Array(wasm.memory.buffer, ptr, 2);

        dst[0] = buf.ptr;
        dst[1] = buf.size;
        return new DiplomatBuf(ptr, 8, () => {
            wasm.diplomat_free(ptr, 8, 4);
            buf.free();
        });
    }

    static slice = (wasm, list, rustType) => {
    const elementSize = rustType === "u8" || rustType === "i8" || rustType === "boolean" ? 1 :
        rustType === "u16" || rustType === "i16" ? 2 :
        rustType === "u64" || rustType === "i64" || rustType === "f64" ? 8 :
            4;

    const byteLength = list.length * elementSize;
    const ptr = wasm.diplomat_alloc(byteLength, elementSize);

    /**
     * Create an array view of the buffer. This gives us the `set` method which correctly handles untyped values
     */
    const destination =
        rustType === "u8" || rustType === "boolean" ? new Uint8Array(wasm.memory.buffer, ptr, list.length) :
        rustType === "i8" ? new Int8Array(wasm.memory.buffer, ptr, list.length) :
            rustType === "u16" ? new Uint16Array(wasm.memory.buffer, ptr, list.length) :
            rustType === "i16" ? new Int16Array(wasm.memory.buffer, ptr, list.length) :
                rustType === "i32" ? new Int32Array(wasm.memory.buffer, ptr, list.length) :
                rustType === "u64" ? new BigUint64Array(wasm.memory.buffer, ptr, list.length) :
                    rustType === "i64" ? new BigInt64Array(wasm.memory.buffer, ptr, list.length) :
                    rustType === "f32" ? new Float32Array(wasm.memory.buffer, ptr, list.length) :
                        rustType === "f64" ? new Float64Array(wasm.memory.buffer, ptr, list.length) :
                        new Uint32Array(wasm.memory.buffer, ptr, list.length);
    destination.set(list);

    return new DiplomatBuf(ptr, list.length, () => wasm.diplomat_free(ptr, byteLength, elementSize));
    }

    static strs = (wasm, strings, encoding) => {
        let encodeStr = (encoding === "string16") ? DiplomatBuf.str16 : DiplomatBuf.str8;

        const byteLength = strings.length * 4 * 2;

        const ptr = wasm.diplomat_alloc(byteLength, 4);

        const destination = new Uint32Array(wasm.memory.buffer, ptr, byteLength);

        const stringsAlloc = [];

        for (let i = 0; i < strings.length; i++) {
            stringsAlloc.push(encodeStr(wasm, strings[i]));

            destination[2 * i] = stringsAlloc[i].ptr;
            destination[(2 * i) + 1] = stringsAlloc[i].size;
        }

        return new DiplomatBuf(ptr, strings.length, () => {
            wasm.diplomat_free(ptr, byteLength, 4);
            for (let i = 0; i < stringsAlloc.length; i++) {
                stringsAlloc[i].free();
            }
        });
    }

    static struct = (wasm, size, align) => {
        const ptr = wasm.diplomat_alloc(size, align);

        return new DiplomatBuf(ptr, size, () => {
            wasm.diplomat_free(ptr, size, align);
        });
    }

    /**
     * Generated code calls one of methods these for each allocation, to either
     * free directly after the FFI call, to leak (to create a &'static), or to
     * register the buffer with the garbage collector (to create a &'a).
     */
    free;

    constructor(ptr, size, free) {
        this.ptr = ptr;
        this.size = size;
        this.free = free;
        this.leak = () => { };
        this.releaseToGarbageCollector = () => DiplomatBufferFinalizer.register(this, () => this.free());
    }

    splat() {
        return [this.ptr, this.size];
    }

    /**
     * Write the (ptr, len) pair to an array buffer at byte offset `offset`
     */
    writePtrLenToArrayBuffer(arrayBuffer, offset) {
        writeToArrayBuffer(arrayBuffer, offset, this.ptr, Uint32Array);
        writeToArrayBuffer(arrayBuffer, offset + 4, this.size, Uint32Array);
    }
}

/**
 * Helper class for creating and managing `diplomat_buffer_write`.
 * Meant to minimize direct calls to `wasm`.
 */
export class DiplomatWriteBuf {
    leak;

    #wasm;
    #buffer;

    constructor(wasm) {
        this.#wasm = wasm;
        this.#buffer = this.#wasm.diplomat_buffer_write_create(0);

        this.leak = () => { };
    }

    free() {
        this.#wasm.diplomat_buffer_write_destroy(this.#buffer);
    }

    releaseToGarbageCollector() {
        DiplomatBufferFinalizer.register(this, () => this.free());
    }

    readString8() {
        return readString8(this.#wasm, this.ptr, this.size);
    }

    get buffer() {
        return this.#buffer;
    }

    get ptr() {
        return this.#wasm.diplomat_buffer_write_get_bytes(this.#buffer);
    }

    get size() {
        return this.#wasm.diplomat_buffer_write_len(this.#buffer);
    }
}

/**
 * Represents an underlying slice that we've grabbed from WebAssembly.
 * You can treat this in JS as a regular slice of primitives, but it handles additional data for you behind the scenes.
 */
export class DiplomatSlice {
    #wasm;

    #bufferType;
    get bufferType() {
        return this.#bufferType;
    }

    #buffer;
    get buffer() {
        return this.#buffer;
    }

    #lifetimeEdges;

    constructor(wasm, buffer, bufferType, lifetimeEdges) {
        this.#wasm = wasm;

        const [ptr, size] = new Uint32Array(this.#wasm.memory.buffer, buffer, 2);

        this.#buffer = new bufferType(this.#wasm.memory.buffer, ptr, size);
        this.#bufferType = bufferType;

        this.#lifetimeEdges = lifetimeEdges;
    }

    getValue() {
        return this.#buffer;
    }

    [Symbol.toPrimitive]() {
        return this.getValue();
    }

    valueOf() {
        return this.getValue();
    }
}

export class DiplomatSlicePrimitive extends DiplomatSlice {
    constructor(wasm, buffer, sliceType, lifetimeEdges) {
        const [ptr, size] = new Uint32Array(wasm.memory.buffer, buffer, 2);

        let arrayType;
        switch (sliceType) {
            case "u8":
            case "boolean":
                arrayType = Uint8Array;
                break;
            case "i8":
                arrayType = Int8Array;
                break;
            case "u16":
                arrayType = Uint16Array;
                break;
            case "i16":
                arrayType = Int16Array;
                break;
            case "i32":
                arrayType = Int32Array;
                break;
            case "u32":
                arrayType = Uint32Array;
                break;
            case "i64":
                arrayType = BigInt64Array;
                break;
            case "u64":
                arrayType = BigUint64Array;
                break;
            case "f32":
                arrayType = Float32Array;
                break;
            case "f64":
                arrayType = Float64Array;
                break;
            default:
                console.error("Unrecognized bufferType ", bufferType);
        }

        super(wasm, buffer, arrayType, lifetimeEdges);
    }
}

export class DiplomatSliceStr extends DiplomatSlice {
    #decoder;

    constructor(wasm, buffer, stringEncoding, lifetimeEdges) {
        let encoding;
        switch (stringEncoding) {
            case "string8":
                encoding = Uint8Array;
                break;
            case "string16":
                encoding = Uint16Array;
                break;
            default:
                console.error("Unrecognized stringEncoding ", stringEncoding);
                break;
        }
        super(wasm, buffer, encoding, lifetimeEdges);

        if (stringEncoding === "string8") {
            this.#decoder = new TextDecoder('utf-8');
        }
    }

    getValue() {
        switch (this.bufferType) {
            case Uint8Array:
                return this.#decoder.decode(super.getValue());
            case Uint16Array:
                return String.fromCharCode.apply(null, super.getValue());
            default:
                return null;
        }
    }

    toString() {
        return this.getValue();
    }
}

export class DiplomatSliceStrings extends DiplomatSlice {
    #strings = [];
    constructor(wasm, buffer, stringEncoding, lifetimeEdges) {
        super(wasm, buffer, Uint32Array, lifetimeEdges);

        for (let i = this.buffer.byteOffset; i < this.buffer.byteLength; i += this.buffer.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT * 2) {
            this.#strings.push(new DiplomatSliceStr(wasm, i, stringEncoding, lifetimeEdges));
        }
    }

    getValue() {
        return this.#strings;
    }
}

/**
 * A number of Rust functions in WebAssembly require a buffer to populate struct, slice, Option<> or Result<> types with information.
 * {@link DiplomatReceiveBuf} allocates a buffer in WebAssembly, which can then be passed into functions with the {@link DiplomatReceiveBuf.buffer}
 * property.
 */
export class DiplomatReceiveBuf {
    #wasm;

    #size;
    #align;

    #hasResult;

    #buffer;

    constructor(wasm, size, align, hasResult) {
        this.#wasm = wasm;

        this.#size = size;
        this.#align = align;

        this.#hasResult = hasResult;

        this.#buffer = this.#wasm.diplomat_alloc(this.#size, this.#align);

        this.leak = () => { };
    }

    free() {
        this.#wasm.diplomat_free(this.#buffer, this.#size, this.#align);
    }

    get buffer() {
        return this.#buffer;
    }

    /**
     * Only for when a DiplomatReceiveBuf is allocating a buffer for an `Option<>` or a `Result<>` type.
     *
     * This just checks the last byte for a successful result (assuming that Rust's compiler does not change).
     */
    get resultFlag() {
        if (this.#hasResult) {
            return resultFlag(this.#wasm, this.#buffer, this.#size - 1);
        } else {
            return true;
        }
    }
}

/**
 * For preallocating owned slices
 *
 * Doesn't actually do anything, but helps code readability of generated code
 */
export class OwnedSliceLeaker {
    constructor() {
    }

    /**
     * Leak an item
     * @param {DiplomatBuf} item
     * @returns {DiplomatBuf}
     */
    static alloc(item) {
        item.leak();
        return item;
    }
}

/**
 * For cleaning up slices inside struct _intoFFI functions.
 * Based somewhat on how the Dart backend handles slice cleanup.
 *
 * We want to ensure a slice only lasts as long as its struct, so we have a `functionCleanupArena` CleanupArena that we use in each method for any slice that needs to be cleaned up. It lasts only as long as the function is called for.
 *
 * Then we have `createWith`, which is meant for longer lasting slices. It takes an array of edges and will last as long as those edges do. Cleanup is only called later.
 */
export class CleanupArena {
    #items = [];

    constructor() {
    }

    /**
     * When this arena is freed, call .free() on the given item.
     * @param {DiplomatBuf} item
     * @returns {DiplomatBuf}
     */
    alloc(item) {
        this.#items.push(item);
        return item;
    }
    /**
     * Create a new CleanupArena, append it to any edge arrays passed down, and return it.
     * @param {Array} edgeArrays
     * @returns {CleanupArena}
     */
    static createWith(...edgeArrays) {
        let self = new CleanupArena();
        for (let edgeArray of edgeArrays) {
            if (edgeArray != null) {
                edgeArray.push(self);
            }
        }
        DiplomatBufferFinalizer.register(self, () => self.free());
        return self;
    }

    /**
     * If given edge arrays, create a new CleanupArena, append it to any edge arrays passed down, and return it.
     * Else return the function-local cleanup arena
     * @param {CleanupArena} functionCleanupArena
     * @param {Array} edgeArrays
     * @returns {DiplomatBuf}
     */
    static maybeCreateWith(functionCleanupArena, ...edgeArrays) {
        if (edgeArrays.length > 0) {
            return CleanupArena.createWith(...edgeArrays);
        } else {
            return functionCleanupArena
        }
    }

    free() {
        this.#items.forEach((i) => {
            i.free();
        });

        this.#items.length = 0;
    }
}

/**
 * Similar to {@link CleanupArena}, but for holding on to slices until a method is called,
 * after which we rely on the GC to free them.
 *
 * This is when you may want to use a slice longer than the body of the method.
 *
 * At first glance this seems unnecessary, since we will be holding these slices in edge arrays anyway,
 * however, if an edge array ends up unused, then we do actually need something to hold it for the duration
 * of the method call.
 */
export class GarbageCollectorGrip {
    #items = [];

    alloc(item) {
        this.#items.push(item);
        return item;
    }

    releaseToGarbageCollector() {
        this.#items.forEach((i) => {
            i.releaseToGarbageCollector();
        });

        this.#items.length = 0;
    }
}

const DiplomatBufferFinalizer = new FinalizationRegistry(free => free());

/**
 * For allocating and cleaning up structs to be passed into the C Spec WASM ABI.
 * This is primarily intended for storing structures being passed from Javascript to Rust.
 * The maximal size any parameters we could ever need to store can be calculated by Diplomat, so we can pre-allocate a buffer
 * and allocate structs there.
 *
 * Created/reserved when we load in the WebAssembly.
 */
export class FunctionParamAllocator {
    #ptr = 0;
    #capacity = 0;

    /**
     * A stack of pointers to Rust types allocated with {@link alloc}.
     * The stack is popped with {@link get}, returning the most recently allocated pointer.
     * Note that this does NOT clear allocated memory, this must be done with {@link clean}.
     * Each pointer is guaranteed to be within the bounds of #ptr.
     *
     */
    #allocated = [];
    /**
     * The size of everything currently allocated.
     * The size is only reset with {@link clean}.
     */
    #currentPtr = 0;

    /**
     * Reserve {@link #ptr} with a specific capacity.
     * @param {WebAssembly.Module} wasm Web assembly module to allocate into.
     * @param {number} capacity How large, in bytes, the buffer should be.
     */
    reserve(symbol, wasm, capacity) {
        if (symbol !== internalConstructor) {
            throw new Error(".reserve should only be called internally.");
        }
        if (this.#ptr !== 0) {
            if (this.#currentPtr > 0) {
                throw new Error("Cannot reserve additional space if memory has already been allocated! .clear() must be called.");
            } else {
                wasm.diplomat_free(this.#ptr, this.#capacity, 1);
            }
        }

        this.#capacity = capacity;
        // FunctionParamAllocator is global, so this will be freed when the webpage closes:
        this.#ptr = wasm.diplomat_alloc(this.#capacity, 1);
    }

    /**
     * Reserves part of {@link #ptr} to be used for allocating function parameters on the stack to Rust memory.
     * @param {number} size The size of the buffer to reserve
     * @returns A pointer to what was just reserved.
     */
    alloc(size) {
        if (this.#currentPtr + size > this.#capacity) {
            throw new Error(`Could not allocate size ${this.#currentPtr} + ${size} > ${this.#capacity}. Please consider adjusting reserve()`);
        }
        this.#allocated.push(this.#ptr + this.#currentPtr);
        this.#currentPtr += size;
        return this.#ptr + (this.#currentPtr - size);
    }

    /**
     * Pops the most recently allocated pointer on the stack.
     * @returns The most recently allocated pointer on the stack.
     */
    pop() {
        return this.#allocated.pop();
    }

    /**
     * Free up memory on the buffer.
     */
    clean() {
        this.#currentPtr = 0;

        this.#allocated = [];
    }
}

export const FUNCTION_PARAM_ALLOC = new FunctionParamAllocator();