- What is Delta Chat?
  - How can I find people to chat with?
  - Why is a chat marked as “Request”?
  - How can I put two of my friends in contact with each other?
  - What are profiles? How can I switch between them?
  - Who sees my profile picture?
  - Can I set a Bio/Status with Delta Chat?
  - What do Pinning, Muting and Archiving mean?
  - How do “Saved Messages” work?
  - What does the green dot mean?
  - What do the ticks shown beside outgoing messages mean?
  - Correct typos and delete messages after sending
  - How is media quality handled?
  - How do disappearing messages work?
  - What happens if I turn on “Delete Messages from Device”?
  - How can I delete my chat profile?
- Groups
  - Creation of a group
  - Add and remove members
  - I have deleted myself by accident.
  - I do not want to receive the messages of a group any longer.
  - Cloning a group
  - How many members can participate in a single group?
- Channels
  - Subscribe to a channel
  - Create a channel
  - How many subscribers can a channel have?
- Calls
  - Place a call
  - Accept or reject a call
  - During a call
  - Missed calls and notifications
- In-chat apps
  - Where can I get in-chat apps?
  - How private are in-chat apps?
  - How can I create my own in-chat apps?
- Instant message delivery and Push Notifications
  - What are Push Notifications? How can I get instant message delivery?
  - Are Push Notifications enabled on iOS devices? Is there an alternative?
  - Are Push notifications enabled / needed on Android devices?
  - How private are Delta Chat Push Notifications?
  - Why does Delta Chat integrate with centralized proprietary Apple/Google push services?
- Multi-client
  - Can I use Delta Chat on multiple devices at the same time?
  - Troubleshooting
  - Manual Transfer
  - Are there any plans for introducing a Delta Chat Web Client?
- Advanced
  - Experimental Features
  - What are Relays?
  - Can I use a classic email address with Delta Chat?
  - How can I configure a chat profile with a classic email address as relay?
  - I want to manage my own server for Delta Chat. What do you recommend?
  - What is “Send statistics to Delta Chat’s developers”?
  - I’m interested in the technical details. Can you tell me more?
- Encryption and Security
  - Which standards are used for end-to-end encryption?
  - How can I know if messages are end-to-end encrypted?
  - Can I still receive or send messages without end-to-end encryption?
  - What does the green checkmark in a contact profile mean?
  - Are attachments (pictures, files, audio etc.) end-to-end encrypted?
  - Is OpenPGP secure?
  - Did you consider using alternatives to OpenPGP for end-to-end-encryption?
  - Is Delta Chat vulnerable to EFAIL?
  - Are messages marked with the mail icon exposed on the Internet?
  - How does Delta Chat protect metadata in messages?
  - How to protect metadata and contacts when a device is seized?
  - Who sees my IP Address?
  - Does Delta Chat support “Sealed Sender”?
  - Does Delta Chat support Perfect Forward Secrecy?
  - Does Delta Chat support Post-Quantum-Cryptography?
  - How can I manually check encryption information?
  - Can I reuse my existing private key?
  - Was Delta Chat independently audited for security vulnerabilities?
- Miscellaneous
  - Which permissions does Delta Chat need?
  - Where can my friends find Delta Chat?
  - How are Delta Chat developments funded?

## What is Delta Chat?

Delta Chat is a reliable, decentralized and secure instant messaging app, available for mobile and desktop platforms.

- Instant creation of private chat profiles with secure and interoperable chatmail relays that offer instant message delivery, and Push Notifications for iOS and Android devices.

- Pervasive multi-profile and multi-device support on all platforms and between different chatmail apps.

- Interactive in-chat apps for gaming and collaboration

- Audited end-to-end encryption safe against network and server attacks.

- Free and Open Source software, both app and server side, built on Internet Standards.

### How can I find people to chat with?

First, note that Delta Chat is a private messenger. There is no public discovery, you decide about your contacts.

- If you are face to face with your friend or family, tap the QR Code icon on the main screen.
  Ask your chat partner to scan the QR image with their Delta Chat app.

- For a remote contact setup, from the same screen, click “Copy” or “Share” and send the invite link through another private chat.

Now wait while connection gets established.

- If both sides are online, they will soon see a chat and can start messaging securely.

- If one side is offline or in bad network, the ability to chat is delayed until connectivity is restored.

Congratulations! You now will automatically use end-to-end encryption with this contact. If you add each other to groups, end-to-end encryption will be established among all members.

### Why is a chat marked as “Request”?

As being a private messenger, only friends and family you share your QR code or invite link with can write to you.

Your friends may share your contact with other friends, this appears as Request

- You need to accept the request before you can reply.

- You can also delete it if you don’t want to chat with them for now.

- If you delete a request, future messages from that contact will still appear as message request, so you can change your mind. If you really don’t want to receive messages from this person, consider blocking them.

### How can I put two of my friends in contact with each other?

Attach the first contact to the chat of the second using Attachment Button → Contact. You can also add a little introduction message.

The second contact will receive a card then and can tap it to start chatting with the first contact.

### What are profiles? How can I switch between them?

A profile is a name, a picture and some additional information for encrypting messages. A profile lives on your device(s) only and uses the server only to relay messages.

On first installation of Delta Chat a first profile is created.

Later, you can tap your profile image in the upper left corner to Add Profiles or to Switch Profiles.

You may want to use separate profiles for political, family or work related activities.

You may also wish to learn how to use the same profile on multiple devices.

### Who sees my profile picture?

You can add a profile picture in your settings. If you write to your contacts or add them via QR code, they automatically see it as your profile picture.

For privacy reasons, no one sees your profile picture until you write a message to them.

### Can I set a Bio/Status with Delta Chat?

Yes, you can do so under Settings → Profile → Bio. Once you sent a message to a contact, they will see it when they view your contact details.

### What do Pinning, Muting and Archiving mean?

Use these tools to organize your chats and keep everything in its place:

- Pinned chats always stay atop of the chat list. You can use them to access your most loved chats quickly or temporarily to not forget about things.

- Mute chats if you do not want to get notifications for them. Muted chats stay in place and you can also pin a muted chat.

- Archive chats if you do not want to see them in your chat list any longer. They remain accessible above the chat list or via search and are marked by Archived

- When an archived chat gets a new message, unless muted, it will pop out of the archive and back into your chat list. Muted chats stay archived until you unarchive them manually.

To use the functions, long tap or right click a chat in the chat list.

### How do “Saved Messages” work?

Saved Messages is a chat that you can use to easily remember and find messages.

- In any chat, long tap or right click a message and select Save

- Saved messages are marked by the symbol next to the timestamp

- Later, open the “Saved Messages” chat - and you will see the saved messages there. By tapping , you can go back to the original message in the original chat

- Finally, you can also use “Saved Messages” to take personal notes - open the chat, type something, add a photo or a voice message etc.

- As “Saved Message” are synced, they can become very handy for transferring data between devices

Messages stay saved even if they are edited or deleted - may it be by sender, by device cleanup or by disappearing messages of other chats.

### What does the green dot mean?

You can sometimes see a green dot next to the avatar of a contact. It means they were recently seen by you in the last 10 minutes, e.g. because they messaged you or sent a read receipt.

So this is not a real time online status and others will as well not always see that you are “online”.

### What do the ticks shown beside outgoing messages mean?

- One tick means that the message was sent successfully to the relay.

- Two ticks indicate your contact has read the message.

In groups the second tick means that at least one member has reported back having read the message.

You will only get the second tick if both you and one of the recipients who read the message has Settings → Chats → Read Receipts enabled.

### Correct typos and delete messages after sending

- You can edit the text of your messages after sending. For that, long tap or right click the message and select Edit or .

- If you have sent a message accidentally, from the same menu, select Delete and then Delete for Everyone.

While edited messages will have the word “Edited” next to the timestamp, deleted messages will be removed without a marker in the chat. Notifications are not sent and there is no time limit.

Note, that the original message may still be received by chat members who could have already replied, forwarded, saved, screenshotted or otherwise copied the message.

### How is media quality handled?

Images, videos, files, voice messages etc. can be sent using the Attach- or Voice Message buttons.

- By default, compression ensures fast, efficient delivery that respects everyone’s data limits and storage. This is ideal for everyday communication.

- In regions with worse connectivity, you can choose higher compression at Settings → Chats → Outgoing Media Quality.

- If you specifically need to send media in its original quality, use Attach → File in the chat. Please use this method sparingly, as sending original files will significantly increase data usage for you and all recipients in the chat.

### How do disappearing messages work?

You can turn on “disappearing messages” in the settings of a chat, at the top right of the chat window, by selecting a time span between 5 minutes and 1 year.

Until the setting is turned off again, each chat member’s Delta Chat app takes care of deleting the messages after the selected time span. The time span begins when the receiver first sees the message in Delta Chat. The messages are deleted both, on the servers, and in the apps itself.

Note that you can rely on disappearing messages only as long as you trust your chat partners; malicious chat partners can take photos, or otherwise save, copy or forward messages before deletion.

Apart from that, if one chat partner uninstalls Delta Chat, the (anyway encrypted) messages may take longer to get deleted from their server.

### What happens if I turn on “Delete Messages from Device”?

If you want to save storage on your device, you can choose to delete old messages automatically.

To turn it on, go to Settings → Chats → Delete Message from Device. You can set a timeframe between “after an hour” and “after a year”; this way, all messages will be deleted from your device as soon as they are older than that.

### How can I delete my chat profile?

If you are using more than one chat profile, you can remove single ones in the top profile switcher menu (on Android and iOS), or in the sidebar with a right click (in the Desktop app). Chat profiles are only removed on the device where deletion was triggered. Chat profiles on other devices will continue to fully function.

If you use a single default chat profile you can simply uninstall the app. This will still automatically trigger deletion of all associated address data on the chatmail server. For more info, please refer to nine.testrun.org address-deletion or the respective page from your chosen 3rd party chatmail server.

## Groups

Groups let several people chat together privately with equal rights.

Anyone can change the group name or avatar, add or remove members, set disappearing messages, and delete their own messages from all member’s devices.

Because all members have the same rights, groups work best among trusted friends and family.

### Creation of a group

- Select New chat and then New group from the menu in the upper right corner or hit the corresponding button on Android/iOS.

- On the following screen, select the group members and define a group name. You can also select a group avatar.

- As soon as you write the first message in the group, all members are informed about the new group and can answer in the group (as long as you do not write a message in the group the group is invisible to the members).

### Add and remove members

All group members have the same rights. For this reason, everyone can delete any member or add new ones.

- To add or delete members, tap the group name in the chat and select the member to add or remove.

- If the member is not yet in your contact list, but face to face with you, from the same screen, show a QR code.
  Ask your chat partner to scan the QR image with their Delta Chat app by tapping on the main screen.

- For a remote member addition, click “Copy” or “Share” and send the invite link through another private chat to the new member.

QR code and invite link can be used to add several members. However, since groups are meant for trusted people, avoid sharing them publicly.

### I have deleted myself by accident.

As you’re no longer a group member, you cannot add yourself again. However, no problem, just ask any other group member in a normal chat to re-add you.

### I do not want to receive the messages of a group any longer.

- Either delete yourself from the member list or delete the whole chat. If you want to join the group again later on, ask another group member to add you again.

As an alternative, you can also “Mute” a group - doing so means you get all messages and can still write, but are no longer notified of any new messages.

### Cloning a group

You can duplicate a group to start a separate discussion or to exclude members without them noticing.

- Open the group profile and tap Clone Chat (Android/iOS), or right-click the group in the chat list (Desktop).

- Set a new name, choose an avatar, and adjust the member list if needed.

The new group is fully independent from the original, which continues to work as before.

### How many members can participate in a single group?

There is no strict technical limit, but more than 150 is not recommended.

As groups get larger, they can become socially unstable and may need a hierarchy - where Delta Chat is a private messenger for chatting with equal rights. See Dunbar’s number for more insights.

## Channels

Channels are a one-to-many tool for broadcasting messages.

### Subscribe to a channel

- Scan the QR code or tap the invite link you got from the channel owner.

That’s all! You will receive a few of the messages from the channel history and, from that point on, all new messages from the channel.

Don’t worry, if that does not happen immediately. Once the channel owner comes online, your join request will be processed.

As all of Delta Chat, also Channels are private and decentralized, there is no public discovery.

Other channel subscribers will not see that you subscribed and cannot message you. The channel owner, however, can message you. They will also see that you read a message unless you have read receipts disabled.

If you do not want to share your main profile, you can also create a dedicated profile for joining a channel.

### Create a channel

- Tap New Chat and choose New Channel.

- Enter a name, optionally set an image and description, and hit the Create button.

- You can now send and manage messages as usual.

- From the channel’s profile, share the QR code or invite link with others.

Subscribers will receive your messages, but they cannot send messages in your channel. When subscribing, they will receive a few of the latest messages of the channel history.

You can see the view count beside each message. Note that this only counts subscribers who have read receipts enabled, so the real view count may be larger.

### How many subscribers can a channel have?

Channels are designed for much larger audiences than groups.

The practical limit depends on the used relay, so there is no single fixed number that applies everywhere.

For really large channels with several tens of thousands of subscribers, we recommend using a dedicated profile for the channel and checking whether the relay is suitable.

But don’t be too hesitant: Delta Chat is designed to be relay-agnostic, so you can change your relay at any point easily - your existing subscribers will not even notice. You only have to update the invite link you share with new subscribers in that case.

## Calls

Delta Chat supports one-to-one audio calls and video calls.

Calls are supported on Desktop, Ubuntu Touch, iOS and Android 8 and newer.

### Place a call

- In a one-to-one chat, tap the 📞 call icon.

- This opens a small menu where you can choose whether to place an Audio Call or a Video Call.

### Accept or reject a call

- When someone calls you, Delta Chat shows an incoming call screen or notification.

- Tap Accept to answer or Decline to reject the call.

### During a call

- You can mute your microphone.

- You can enable or disable your camera.

- On mobile, you can switch between front and back cameras.

Depending on the device, you can also select the audio output or use picture-in-picture. On desktop, the call is using a dedicated window and you can continue using the main Delta Chat window as usual.

### Missed calls and notifications

- If you do not answer, do not hear the ringing, or do not have your device at hand, the call appears as a missed call.

- Only your accepted contacts can make your device ring. Contact requests will appear as usual and will not ring.

- At Settings → Notifications → Calls, you can disable the special call ringing screen completely. If you do so, you will not be disturbed by any ringing notification, you can still pick up the call by tapping the incoming call message bubble in its chat.

## In-chat apps

You can send apps to a chat - games, editors, polls and other tools. This makes Delta Chat a truly extensible messenger.

### Where can I get in-chat apps?

- In a chat, using Attachment Button → Apps

- You can also create your own app and attach it using Attachment Button → File

### How private are in-chat apps?

- In-chat apps can not send data to the Internet, or download anything.

- An in-chat app can only exchange data within a chat, with its copies on the devices of your chat partners. Other than that, it’s completely isolated from the Internet.

- The privacy an in-chat app offers is the privacy of your chat - as long as you trust the people you chat with, you can trust the in-chat app as well.

- This also means: Just like for web links, do not open apps from untrusted contacts.

### How can I create my own in-chat apps?

- In-chat apps are zip files with `.xdc` extension containing html, css, and javascript code.

- You can extend the Hello World example app to get started.

- All else you need to know is written in the Webxdc documentation.

- If you have question, you can ask others with experience in the Delta Chat Forum.

## Instant message delivery and Push Notifications

### What are Push Notifications? How can I get instant message delivery?

Push Notifications are sent by Apple and Google “Push services” to a user’s device so that an inactive Delta Chat app can fetch messages in the background and show notifications on a user’s phone if needed.

Push Notifications work with all chatmail servers on

- iOS devices, by integrating with Apple Push services.

- Android devices, by integrating with the Google FCM Push service, including on devices that use microG instead of proprietary Google code on the phone.

### Are Push Notifications enabled on iOS devices? Is there an alternative?

Yes, Delta Chat automatically uses Push Notifications for chatmail profiles. And no, there is no alternative on Apple’s phones to achieve instant message delivery because Apple devices do not allow Delta Chat to fetch data in the background. Push notifications are automatically activated for iOS users because Delta Chat’s privacy-preserving Push Notification system does not expose data to Apple that it doesn’t already have.

### Are Push notifications enabled / needed on Android devices?

If a “Push Service” is available, Delta Chat enables Push Notifications to achieve instant message delivery for all chatmail users.

In the Delta Chat “Notifications” settings for “Instant delivery” you can change the following settings effecting all chat profiles:

- Use Background Connection: If you are not using a Push service, you may disable “battery optimizations” for Delta Chat, allowing it to fetch messages in the background. However, there could be delays from minutes to hours. Some Android vendors even restrict apps completely (see dontkillmyapp.com) and Delta Chat might not show incoming messages until you manually open the app again.

- Force Background Connection: This is the fallback option if the previous options are not available or do not achieve “instant delivery”. Enabling it causes a permanent notification on your phone which may sometimes be “minified” with recent Android phones.

Both “Background Connection” options are energy-efficient and safe to try if you experience messages arrive only with long delays.

### How private are Delta Chat Push Notifications?

Delta Chat Push Notification support avoids leakage of private information. It does not leak profile data, IP address or message content (not even encrypted) to any system involved in the delivery of Push Notifications.

Here is how Delta Chat apps perform Push Notification delivery:

- A Delta Chat app obtains a “device token” locally, encrypts it and stores it on the chatmail server.

- When a chatmail server receives a message for a Delta Chat user it forwards the encrypted device token to the central Delta Chat notification proxy.

- The central Delta Chat notification proxy decrypts the device token and forwards it to the respective Push service (Apple, Google, etc.), without ever knowing the IP or profile data of Delta Chat users.

- The central Push Service (Apple, Google, etc.) wakes up the Delta Chat app on your device to check for new messages in the background. It does not know about the profile data of the device it wakes up. The central Apple/Google Push services never see any profile data (sender or receiver) and also never see any message content (also not in encrypted forms).

The central Delta Chat notification proxy is small and fully implemented in Rust and forgets about device-tokens as soon as Apple/Google/etc processed them, usually in a matter of milliseconds.

Note that the device token is encrypted between apps and notification proxy but it is not signed. The notification proxy thus never sees profile data, IP-addresses or any cryptographic identity information associated with a user’s device (token).

Resulting from this overall privacy design, even the seizure of a chatmail server, or the full seizure of the central Delta Chat notification proxy would not reveal private information that Push services do not already have.

### Why does Delta Chat integrate with centralized proprietary Apple/Google push services?

Delta Chat is a free and open source decentralized messenger with free server choice, but we want users to reliably experience “instant delivery” of messages, like they experience from WhatsApp, Signal or Telegram apps, without asking questions up-front that are more suited to expert users or developers.

Note that Delta Chat has a small and privacy-preserving Push Notification system that achieves “instant delivery” of messages for all chatmail servers including a potential one you might setup yourself without our permission. Welcome to the power of the interoperable chatmail relay network :)

## Multi-client

### Can I use Delta Chat on multiple devices at the same time?

Yes. You can use the same profile on different devices:

- Make sure both devices are on the same Wi-Fi or network

- On the first device, go to Settings → Add Second Device, unlock the screen if needed and wait a moment until a QR code is shown

- On the second device, install Delta Chat

- On the second device, start Delta Chat, select Add as Second Device, and scan the QR code from the old device

- Transfer should start after a few seconds and during transfer both devices will show the progress. Wait until it is finished on both devices.

In contrast to many other messengers, after successful transfer, both devices are completely independent. One device is not needed for the other to work.

### Troubleshooting

- Double-check both devices are in the same Wi-Fi or network

- On Windows, go to “Control Panel / Network and Internet” and make sure, Private Network is selected as “Network profile type” (after transfer, you can change back to the original value)

- On iOS, make sure “System Settings / Apps / Delta Chat / Local Network” access is granted

- On macOS, enable “System Settings / Privacy & Security / Local Network / Delta Chat”

- Your system might have a “personal firewall”, which is known to cause problems (especially on Windows). Disable the personal firewall for Delta Chat on both ends and try again

- Guest Networks may not allow devices to communicate with each other. If possible, use a non-guest network.

- If you still have troubles using the same network, try to open Mobile Hotspot on one device and join that Wi-Fi from the other one

- Ensure there is enough storage on the destination device

- If transfer started, make sure, the devices stay active and do not fall asleep. Do not exit Delta Chat. (we try hard to make the app work in background, but systems tend to kill apps, unfortunately)

- Delta Chat is already logged in on the destination device? You can use multiple profiles per device, just add another profile

- If you still have problems or if you cannot scan a QR code try the manual transfer described below

### Manual Transfer

This method is only recommended if “Add Second Device” as described above does not work.

- On the old device, go to Settings → Chats → Export Backup. Enter your screen unlock PIN, pattern, or password. Then you can click on “Start Backup”. This saves the backup file to your device. Now you have to transfer it to the other device somehow.

- On the new device, select I Already Have a Profile → Restore from Backup. If you use iOS and encounter difficulties, this guide might help you.

You are now synchronized, and can use both devices for sending and receiving end-to-end encrypted messages with your communication partners.

### Are there any plans for introducing a Delta Chat Web Client?

- There are no immediate plans but some preliminary thoughts.
- There are 2-3 avenues for introducing a Delta Chat Web Client, but all are significant work. For now, we focus on getting stable releases into all app stores (Google Play/iOS/Windows/macOS/Linux repositories) as native apps.
- If you need a Web Client, because you are not allowed to install software on the computer you work with, you can use the portable Windows Desktop Client, or the AppImage for Linux. You can find them on get.delta.chat.

## Advanced

### Experimental Features

At Settings → Advanced → Experimental Features you can try out features we are working on.

The features may be unstable and may be changed or removed.

You can find more information and give feedback in the Forum.

### What are Relays?

Relays are used to temporarily hold messages in case your device is offline. Relays are cheap and dumb servers, that do not store data as group states, your name or avatar - all that exist only on your device. Relays are operated by different groups and people.

By default, after installation, a relay is automatically set up, so you do not need to care about that. However, if you want to, you can configure relays at Settings → Advanced → Relays:

- You can add a relay by scanning its QR code; chatmail.at/relays shows some known ones. If you have multiple relays, you will receive messages on all of them. Contacts learn your current relays automatically when you message them.

- Tap on a relay to set it as used for sending.

- If a relay is no longer working, you can remove it.

For more details and future possibilities of relays, you can follow discussions in the Forum.

### Can I use a classic email address with Delta Chat?

Yes, but only if the email address is used exclusively by chatmail clients.

It is not supported to share usage of an email address with non-chatmail apps or web-based mailers, for the following reasons:

- Non-chatmail apps are largely not accomplishing automatic end-to-end email encryption for their users, while chatmail apps and relays pervasively enforce end-to-end encryption and security standards.

- Non-chatmail apps use email servers as a long-term message archive while chatmail clients use email servers for ephemeral instant message relay.

- Supporting the full variety of classic email setups would require considerable development and maintenance efforts, and complicate making chatmail-based messaging more resilient, reliable and fast.

### How can I configure a chat profile with a classic email address as relay?

First off, please do not use the same classic email address also from non-chatmail classic email apps unless you are prepared to deal with encrypted messages in the inbox, double notifications, accidentally deleted emails or similar annoyances.

You can configure a email address for chatting at New Profile → Use Other Server → Use Classic Mail as Relay. Note that classic email providers will generally not support Push Notifications and have other limitations, see Provider Overview. Chatmail uses the default INBOX for relay; ensure the provider setup does too. A chat profile using a classic email address allows to to send and receive unencrypted messages. These messages, and the chats they appear in, are marked with an email icon .

### I want to manage my own server for Delta Chat. What do you recommend?

Any well behaving email server setup will do fine except if your users’ devices require Google/Apple Push Notifications to work properly.

We generally recommend to set up a chatmail relay. Chatmail is a community-driven project that encompasses both the setup of relays and core Rust developments that power chatmail clients of which Delta Chat is the most well known.

### What is “Send statistics to Delta Chat’s developers”?

We would like to improve Delta Chat with your help, which is why Delta Chat for Android asks whether you want to send anonymous usage statistics.

You can turn it on and off at Settings → Advanced → Send statistics to Delta Chat’s developers.

When you turn it on, weekly statistics will be automatically sent to a bot.

We are interested e.g. in statistics like:

- How many contacts are introduced by personally scanning a QR code?

- Which versions of Delta Chat are being used?

- What errors occur for users?

We will not collect any personally identifiable information about you.

### I’m interested in the technical details. Can you tell me more?

See Standards used in Delta Chat.

## Encryption and Security

### Which standards are used for end-to-end encryption?

Delta Chat uses a secure subset of the OpenPGP standard to provide automatic end-to-end encryption using these protocols:

- Secure-Join to exchange encryption setup information through QR-code scanning or “invite links”.

- Autocrypt is used for automatically establishing end-to-end encryption between contacts and all members of a group chat.

- Autocrypt v2, scheduled for full implementation in 2026, will bring post-quantum resistant encryption and forward secrecy.

- Sharing a contact to a chat enables receivers to use end-to-end encryption with the contact.

Delta Chat does not query, publish or interact with any OpenPGP key servers.

### How can I know if messages are end-to-end encrypted?

All messages in Delta Chat are end-to-end encrypted by default. Since the Delta Chat Version 2 release series (July 2025) there are no lock or similar markers on end-to-end encrypted messages, anymore.

### Can I still receive or send messages without end-to-end encryption?

If you use default chatmail relays, it is impossible to receive or send messages without end-to-end encryption.

If you instead use a classic email server, you can send and receive messages with or without end-to-end encryption. Messages lacking end-to-end encryption are marked with an email icon .

### What does the green checkmark in a contact profile mean?

A contact profile might show a green checkmark and an “Introduced by” line. Every green-checkmarked contact either did a direct QR-scan with you or was introduced by a another green-checkmarked contact. Introductions happen automatically when adding members to groups. Whoever adds a green-checkmarked contact to a group with only green-checkmarked members becomes an introducer. In a contact profile you can tap on the “Introduced by …” text repeatedly until you get to the one with whom you directly did a QR-scan.

For more in-depth discussion of “guaranteed end-to-end encryption” please see Secure-Join protocols and specifically read about “Verified Groups”, the technical term of what is called here “green-checkmarked” or “guaranteed end-to-end encrypted” chats.

### Are attachments (pictures, files, audio etc.) end-to-end encrypted?

Yes.

When we talk about an “end-to-end encrypted message” we always mean a whole message is encrypted, including all the attachments and attachment metadata such as filenames.

### Is OpenPGP secure?

Yes, Delta Chat uses a secure subset of OpenPGP requiring the whole message to be properly encrypted and signed. For example, “Detached signatures” are not treated as secure.

OpenPGP is not insecure by itself. Most publicly discussed OpenPGP security problems actually stem from bad usability or bad implementations of tools or apps (or both). It is particularly important to distinguish between OpenPGP, the IETF encryption standard, and GnuPG (GPG), a command line tool implementing OpenPGP. Many public critiques of OpenPGP actually discuss GnuPG which Delta Chat has never used. Delta Chat rather uses the OpenPGP Rust implementation rPGP, available as an independent “pgp” package, and security-audited in 2019 and 2024.

We aim, along with other OpenPGP implementors, to further improve security characteristics by implementing the new IETF OpenPGP Crypto-Refresh which was thankfully adopted in summer 2023.

### Did you consider using alternatives to OpenPGP for end-to-end-encryption?

Yes, we are following efforts like MLS but adopting them would mean breaking end-to-end encryption interoperability. So it would not be a light decision to take and there must be tangible improvements for users.

Delta Chat takes a holistic “usable security” approach and works with a wide range of activist groupings as well as renowned researchers such as TeamUSEC to improve actual user outcomes against security threats. The wire protocol and standard for establishing end-to-end encryption is only one part of “user outcomes”, see also our answers to device-seizure and message-metadata questions.

### Is Delta Chat vulnerable to EFAIL?

No, Delta Chat never was vulnerable to EFAIL because its OpenPGP implementation rPGP uses Modification Detection Code when encrypting messages and returns an error if the Modification Detection Code is incorrect.

Delta Chat also never was vulnerable to the “Direct Exfiltration” EFAIL attack because it only decrypts `multipart/encrypted` messages which contain exactly one encrypted and signed part, as defined by the Autocrypt Level 1 specification.

### Are messages marked with the mail icon exposed on the Internet?

If you are sending or receiving email messages without end-to-end encryption (using a classic email server), they are still protected from cell or cable companies who can not read or modify your email messages. But both your and your recipient’s email providers may read, analyze or modify your messages, including any attachments.

Delta Chat by default uses strict TLS encryption which secures connections between your device and your email provider. All of Delta Chat’s TLS-handling has been independently security audited. Moreover, the connection between your and the recipient’s email provider will typically be transport-encrypted as well. If the involved email servers support MTA-STS then transport encryption will be enforced between email providers in which case Delta Chat communications will never be exposed in cleartext to the Internet even if the message was not end-to-end encrypted.

### How does Delta Chat protect metadata in messages?

Unlike most other messengers, Delta Chat apps do not store any metadata about contacts or groups on servers, also not in encrypted form. Instead, all group metadata is end-to-end encrypted and stored on end-user devices, only.

Servers can therefore only see:

- Sender and receiver addresses, randomly generated by default
- Message size

All other message, contact and group metadata resides in the end-to-end encrypted part of messages.

### How to protect metadata and contacts when a device is seized?

Both for protecting against metadata-collecting servers as well as against the threat of device seizure we recommend to use a chatmail relay to create chat profiles using random addresses for transport. Note that Delta Chat apps on all platforms support multiple profiles so you can easily use situation-specific profiles next to your “main” profile with the knowledge that all their data, along with all metadata, will be deleted. Moreover, if a device is seized then chat contacts using short-lived profiles can not be identified easily.

### Who sees my IP Address?

The used relays need to know your IP Address, as well as sometimes your contact’s devices if you have a call or use apps together.

IP Addresses are needed for connectivity and efficiency. Delta Chat neither persists nor exposes them. Note that IP Addresses are not like an address you give to a delivery service, but typically less precise, often defining city or region only.

If you see your IP Address as a risk, we recommend to use a VPN for the whole system. Per-app options leave gaps across your system. For example, tapping a link can expose IP Addresses to unknown parties, which is by far the larger risk.

### Does Delta Chat support “Sealed Sender”?

No, not yet.

The Signal messenger introduced “Sealed Sender” in 2018 to keep their server infrastructure ignorant of who is sending a message to a set of recipients. It is particularly important because the Signal server knows the mobile number of each account, which is usually associated with a passport identity.

Even if chatmail relays do not ask for any private data (including no phone numbers), it might still be worthwhile to protect relational metadata between addresses. We don’t foresee bigger problems in using random throw-away addresses for sealed sending but an implementation has not been agreed as a priority yet.

### Does Delta Chat support Perfect Forward Secrecy?

Not yet, but it’s coming with Autocrypt v2.

Delta Chat today doesn’t support Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS). This means that if your private decryption key is leaked, and someone has collected your prior in-transit messages, they will be able to decrypt and read them using the leaked decryption key. Note that Forward Secrecy only increases security if you delete messages. Otherwise, someone obtaining your decryption keys is typically also able to get all your non-deleted messages and doesn’t even need to decrypt any previously collected messages.

Autocrypt v2, scheduled for full implementation in 2026, will provide reliable deletion (forward secrecy) through automatic key rotation. This approach is specified in the Autocrypt v2 OpenPGP Certificates draft.

### Does Delta Chat support Post-Quantum-Cryptography?

Not yet, but it’s coming with Autocrypt v2.

Autocrypt v2, scheduled for full implementation in 2026, will bring post-quantum resistant encryption to protect against quantum computer attacks. Delta Chat uses the Rust OpenPGP library rPGP which supports the latest IETF Post-Quantum-Cryptography OpenPGP draft. The implementation is specified in the Autocrypt v2 OpenPGP Certificates draft.

### How can I manually check encryption information?

You may check the end-to-end encryption status manually in the “Encryption” dialog (user profile on Android/iOS or right-click a user’s chat-list item on desktop). Delta Chat shows two fingerprints there. If the same fingerprints appear on your own and your contact’s device, the connection is safe.

### Can I reuse my existing private key?

No.

Delta Chat generates secure OpenPGP keys according to the Autocrypt specification 1.1. We do not recommend or offer users to perform manual key management. We want to ensure that security audits can focus on a few proven cryptographic algorithms instead of the full breadth of possible algorithms allowed with OpenPGP. If you want to extract your OpenPGP key, there only is an expert method: you need to look it up in the “keypairs” SQLite table of a profile backup tar-file.

### Was Delta Chat independently audited for security vulnerabilities?

Yes, multiple times. The Delta Chat project continuously undergoes independent security audits and analysis, from most recent to older:

- 2024 December, an NLNET-commissioned Evaluation of rPGP by Radically Open Security took place. rPGP serves as the end-to-end encryption OpenPGP engine of Delta Chat. Two advisories were released related to the findings of this audit:

  - “Panics on Malformed Untrusted Input” CVE-2024-53856
  - “Potential Resource Exhaustion when handling Untrusted Messages” CVE-2024-53857

  The issues outlined in these advisories have been fixed and are part of Delta Chat releases on all appstores since December 2024.

- 2024 March, we received a deep security analysis from the Applied Cryptography research group at ETH Zuerich and addressed all raised issues. See our blog post about Hardening Guaranteed End-to-End encryption for more detailed information and the Cryptographic Analysis of Delta Chat research paper published afterwards.

- 2023 April, we fixed security and privacy issues with the “web apps shared in a chat” feature, related to failures of sandboxing especially with Chromium. We subsequently got an independent security audit from Cure53 and all issues found were fixed in the 1.36 app series released in April 2023. See here for the full background story on end-to-end security in the web.

- 2023 March, Cure53 analyzed both the transport encryption of Delta Chat’s network connections and a reproducible mail server setup as recommended on this site. You can read more about the audit on our blog or read the full report here.

- 2020, Include Security analyzed Delta Chat’s Rust core, IMAP, SMTP, and TLS libraries. It did not find any critical or high-severity issues. The report raised a few medium-severity weaknesses - they are no threat to Delta Chat users on their own because they depend on the environment in which Delta Chat is used. For usability and compatibility reasons, we can not mitigate all of them and decided to provide security recommendations to threatened users. You can read the full report here.

- 2019, Include Security analyzed Delta Chat’s PGP and RSA libraries. It found no critical issues, but two high-severity issues that we subsequently fixed. It also revealed one medium-severity and some less severe issues, but there was no way to exploit these vulnerabilities in the Delta Chat implementation. Some of them we nevertheless fixed since the audit was concluded. You can read the full report here.

## Miscellaneous

### Which permissions does Delta Chat need?

Some features require certain permissions, e.g. you need to grant camera permission if you want to scan an invite QR code.

See Privacy Policy for a detailed overview.

### Where can my friends find Delta Chat?

Delta Chat is available for all major and some minor platforms:

- The official website, https://delta.chat/download shows all options in detail

- If unavailable, use the mirror at https://deltachat.github.io/deltachat-pages

- Open one of the following app stores and search for “Delta Chat”: Google Play Store, F-Droid, Huawei App Gallery, iOS and macOS App Store, Microsoft Store

- Check the package manager of your Linux distributions

- Android APKs are also available on https://github.com/deltachat/deltachat-android/releases

### How are Delta Chat developments funded?

Delta Chat does not receive any Venture Capital and is not indebted, and under no pressure to produce huge profits, or to sell users and their friends and family to advertisers (or worse). We rather use public funding sources, so far from EU and US origins, to help our efforts in instigating a decentralized and diverse chat messaging eco-system based on Free and Open-Source community developments.

Concretely, Delta Chat developments have so far been funded from these sources, ordered chronologically:

- In 2023 and 2024 we got accepted in the Next Generation Internet (NGI) program for our work in webxdc PUSH, along with collaboration partners working on webxdc evolve, webxdc XMPP, DeltaTouch and DeltaTauri. All of these projects are partially completed or to be completed in early 2025.

- In 2021 we received further EU funding for two Next-Generation-Internet proposals, namely for EPPD - email provider portability directory (~97K EUR) and AEAP - email address porting (~90K EUR) which resulted in better multi-profile support, improved QR-code contact and group setups and many networking improvements on all platforms.

- The NLnet foundation granted in 2019/2020 EUR 46K for completing Rust/Python bindings and instigating a Chat-bot eco-system.

- The Open Technology Fund gave us a first 2018/2019 grant (~$200K) during which we majorly improved the Android app and released a first Desktop app beta version, and which moreover moored our feature developments in UX research in human rights contexts, see our concluding Needfinding and UX report. The second 2019/2020 grant (~$300K) helped us to release Delta/iOS versions, to convert our core library to Rust, and to provide new features for all platforms.

- The NEXTLEAP EU project funded the research and implementation of verified groups and setup contact protocols in 2017 and 2018 and also helped to integrate end-to-end Encryption through Autocrypt.

- Sometimes we receive one-time donations from private individuals. For example, in 2021 a generous individual bank-wired us 4K EUR with the subject “keep up the good developments!”. 💜 We use such money to fund development gatherings or to care for ad-hoc expenses that can not easily be predicted for, or reimbursed from, public funding grants. Receiving more donations also helps us to become more independent and long-term viable as a contributor community.

- Last but by far not least, several pro-bono experts and enthusiasts contributed and contribute to Delta Chat developments without receiving money, or only small amounts. Without them, Delta Chat would not be where it is today, not even close.

The monetary funding mentioned above is mostly organized by merlinux GmbH in Freiburg (Germany), and is distributed to more than a dozen contributors world-wide.

Please see Delta Chat Contribution channels for both monetary and other contribution possibilities.