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# Page 97 of 434

ASD-STE100 Simplified Technical English
Example in STE:
Sentence 1 Sentence 2
The Instrument Landing System (the system) This system shows the pilot the deviations from
on the aircraft shows data that helps the pilot the localizer course and the glideslope path.
during the approach to the runway.
Sentence 2 uses the key words "system," "show," and "pilot" again to add more information about
sentence 1.
Sentence 2 Sentences 3 and 4
This system shows the pilot the deviations The localizer course aligns with the centerline
from the localizer course and the glideslope of the runway. And the glideslope path is at a
path. constant angle to the threshold of the runway.
Sentences 3 and 4 use the key words "localizer course" and "glideslope path" again and add new
information.
Sentence 3 Sentence 4
The localizer course aligns with the centerline And the glideslope path is at a constant angle
of the runway. to the threshold of the runway.
Sentences 3 and 4 also include the key word "runway," which refers back to sentence 1.
Sentences 3 and 4 Sentence 5
The localizer course aligns with the centerline During the approach to the runway, deviation
of the runway. And the glideslope path is at a pointers in the course indicators show the pilot
constant angle to the threshold of the runway. in which direction the aircraft must go:
- Left or right (for the localizer)
- Up or down (for the glideslope).
  Sentence 5 also connects to the previous sentences 3 and 4 with the key word "runway" again.
  Then, sentence 5 gives more information about the function of indicators for the localizer and the
  glideslope.
  Sentence 2 Sentence 5
  This system shows the pilot the deviations During the approach to the runway, deviation
  from the localizer course and the glideslope pointers in the course indicators show the pilot
  path. in which direction the aircraft must go:
- Left or right (for the localizer)
- Up or down (for the glideslope).
  Key words and key phrases (for example, "show(s) the pilot") give a logical connection between
  sentences 2 and 5.

## Issue 9 Part 1 - Writing rules Page 1-6-3

2025-01-15

# Page 98 of 434

ASD-STE100 Simplified Technical English
Sentence 1 Sentence 5
The Instrument Landing System in the aircraft During the approach to the runway, deviation
shows data that helps the pilot during the pointers in the course indicators show the pilot
approach to the runway. in which direction the aircraft must go:
- Left or right (for the localizer)
- Up or down (for the glideslope).
  Sentences 1 and 5 are also connected to make a logical paragraph.
  Sentence 5 also uses the key phrase "during the approach to the runway" from sentence 1 again to
  refer to the initial sentence and give more information about it. When you use the same key words
  and key phrases again, the sentences have a logical connection. If you use different terminology,
  your text will not be easy to read.
  There is also a logical connection between the two paragraphs.
  Paragraph 1 (Sentences 1 thru 5): deviation, data, localizer, glideslope
  Paragraph 2 (Sentences 6 and 7): This data about deviations from the localizer course and
  glideslope path comes from two VHF transceivers. These transceivers transmit this
  data to Air Traffic Control.
  Sentences

## Rule 6.3 Write short sentences. Use a maximum of 25 words in each sentence.

Good technical writing uses short sentences for complex topics. Short sentences give a clear
structure to your writing and make information easier to understand.
In descriptive writing, the maximum sentence length is 25 words. This is because descriptive text is
more complex than procedural text.
Examples:

| STE: | During the approach to the runway, deviation pointers in the course indicators |
| --- | --- |
|  | show the pilot in which direction the aircraft must go. (22 words) |

| STE: | During the approach to the runway, deviation pointers in the course indicators |
| --- | --- |
|  | show the pilot in which direction the aircraft must go. (22 words) |

ability to run software applications. (31 words)

| STE: | During the approach to the runway, deviation pointers in the course indicators |
| --- | --- |
|  | show the pilot in which direction the aircraft must go. (22 words) |

browser, and it can also operate software applications. (16 words)
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# Page 99 of 434

ASD-STE100 Simplified Technical English
Paragraphs

## Rule 6.4 Use paragraphs to show related information.

In procedures, work steps usually have numbers and letters to show their sequence. In descriptive
writing, paragraphs keep related information together and give a logical sequence to the text.
In STE, a paragraph starts with a "topic sentence" which tells the reader about the topic of that
paragraph. Then, the sentences that follow the topic sentence explain it, or give more information
related to it.
In the example, the underlined topic sentence at the start of each paragraph helps the reader
understand the content of the paragraph and its topic. When a new paragraph starts, the reader
knows that there will be a new topic or different information in that paragraph.
Example:

| STE: | 1. Lightning Strike |
| --- | --- |
|  | A. General |
|  | (1) A lightning strike can cause damage to the aircraft. The damage |
|  | usually occurs at the attachment points. The attachment points |
|  | include: |
|  | - The nose of the fuselage |
|  | - The tail section |
|  | - The propellers |
|  | - The wing tips |
|  | - The tips of the stabilizer |
|  | - The trailing edge of the stabilizer |
|  | - The antennas |
|  | - The static dischargers. |
|  | (2) From the attachment points, the lightning strike usually goes aft |
|  | through the structure of the aircraft. The high current of the lightning |
|  | strike can cause damage to the mechanical systems of the aircraft. |
|  | Thus, a permanent or a temporary malfunction of the electrical and |
|  | electronic equipment and systems can occur. |
|  | (3) If a lightning strike occurs, it is necessary to do an inspection of the |
|  | aircraft for damage. The maintenance personnel must do this |
|  | inspection before the next flight. |
|  |  |

the reader to understand.

## Issue 9 Part 1 - Writing rules Page 1-6-5

2025-01-15

# Page 100 of 434

ASD-STE100 Simplified Technical English

## Rule 6.5 Make sure that each paragraph has only one topic.

In descriptive writing, paragraphs describe topics, and it is important that each paragraph has only
one topic. The topic sentence is the first and most important sentence in a paragraph. The topic
sentence gives new information and makes a logical connection between the new information and
previous information. To make a logical connection in a paragraph, the topic sentence usually
contains a key word and/or a connecting word or connecting phrase.
From the topic sentences, the reader will understand the contents of your text and will find the
applicable information quickly. If the reader writes down each of the topic sentences from a text,
they will make a good outline of its content. The other sentences in each paragraph give the
information a logical structure and add more information on the topic of the paragraph.
If you refer to the STE text in the example for rules 6.1 and 6.2 again, you can see that the text is
divided into two paragraphs:
- Paragraph 1 (sentences 1 thru 5) – The topic is: "Data to help the pilot."
- Paragraph 2 (sentences 6 and 7) – The topic is: "How this data is transmitted."
  In the example that follows, the underlined topic sentence at the start of each paragraph helps the
  reader understand the content that the paragraph explains. More information then follows gradually
  and connects correctly to the information in the text.
  Example:
  STE: Instrument Landing System
  The Instrument Landing System (the system) on the aircraft shows data that helps
  the pilot during the approach to the runway. This system shows the pilot the
  deviations from the localizer course and the glideslope path. The localizer course
  aligns with the centerline of the runway. And the glideslope path is at a constant
  angle to the threshold of the runway. During the approach to the runway, deviation
  pointers in the course indicators show the pilot in which direction the aircraft must
  go:
- Left or right (for the localizer)
- Up or down (for the glideslope).
  This data about deviations from the localizer course and glideslope path comes
  from two VHF transceivers. These transceivers transmit this data to Air Traffic
  Control.
  Page 1-6-6 Part 1 - Writing rules Issue 9
  2025-01-15
